beAd Infinitum is a great website/company that sells lots of patterns and kits for bead designs, some of which are very mathematical - for example the Infinity Dodecahedron and the Octahedral Cluster.  Have a look at the pictures of ones I have made on the right.

Gwen Fisher and Florence Turnour who run it are extremely helpful and will provide any information you need to get you started! 

There is also a free pattern on there if you want to try it out first, and there's some maths on the symmetry here.

You can also find a pattern for making a simple dodecahedron here.